The ATmega328P Microcontroller IC, often simply referred to as the ATmega328P, is a highly popular and versatile microcontroller integrated circuit. It is commonly used in a wide range of electronic applications and is a key component in many microcontroller-based projects. The ATmega328P microcontroller is widely used in various electronic projects and embedded systems, including Arduino-based development boards (e.g., Arduino Uno) and a broad range of custom applications. Its combination of features, versatility, and ease of use make it a popular choice for hobbyists, engineers, and designers working on microcontroller-based designs.

Specifications:

• Microcontroller Type: 8-bit AVR microcontroller from Atmel (now a part of Microchip Technology).
• Flash Memory: Typically 32 kilobytes (KB) of Flash program memory for storing user code.
• SRAM: Typically 2 kilobytes (KB) of SRAM for data storage and manipulation.
• EEPROM: Typically 1 kilobyte (KB) of EEPROM for non-volatile data storage.
• Clock Speed: Supports clock speeds of up to 20 megahertz (MHz).
• I/O Pins: Usually available in a 28-pin DIP (Dual Inline Package) or surface-mount packages with a variety of digital and analog I/O pins.
• Peripherals: Includes timers, serial communication (UART, SPI, I2C), GPIO (General-Purpose Input/Output), and more.
• Operating Voltage: Typically operates at 1.8V to 5.5V, although specific models may vary.
• Programming: Programmed using In-System Programming (ISP) or High-Voltage Serial Programming (HVSP).